Car seat requirements in Russia?

Car seats are not only not required, you'd be hard pressed to find one there. We were in Kemerovo, went to several baby shops, and I didn't see a car seat in any of them. Most back seats of the cars we rode in didn't even have seat belts. As for the plane, if the child isn't big enough to be strapped into their own seat, you'll be asked to hold them during take-off and landing. We were able to strap our daughter into the airplane seats. She's 2 years, but about the size of an 18 month old.