We weren't sure if we could claim Baby Girl's adoption on our 2012 taxes. Does anyone know if we can claim her this year? Or did we just miss out?
You adopted her (the legal, final adoption) in 2012? Then you need to go back and amend your 2012 taxes. None of the foster care rules apply to you once you have adopted her - you are her parent, and as such you can claim her. On the 2012 taxes, you claim her as your dependent, and you start the forms for the federal adoption tax credit.
You can't just start from 2013, because the IRS requires that you claim things in the year they happen.
Hope that helps!