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How difficult is it for non-Moroccans to adopt from Morocco? I am a single woman, will be converting to Islam and would like to adopt an older child (4-9) or maybe siblings/twins. How long is the adoption process? Thanks in advance.
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Go to the website of the U.S. State Department and read the rules for adopting from Morocco. The web address is [url=http://adoption.state.gov/country/morocco.html]Morocco[/url]. This is the most authoritative information you can find on the subject.
You will note that the website specifies the rules for adoptive parents. You can adopt as a single female, but you may have some difficulty because only Muslims can adopt, and in most Muslim countries, a brand new convert may not be considered "Muslim enough".
In fact, some Muslim countries do not allow even long time Muslims in the U.S. to adopt, because they do not believe that the U.S. is a suitable place to raise a Muslim child and feel that U.S. Muslim clergy are not sufficiently orthodox in their beliefs. You really need to check with Technically, you won't "adopt" in Morocco. You will be given guardianship or "kefala", and will finalize the adoption once you come back to the U.S., just as if it was a domestic adoption.
The reason is simple. Islamic law, or Shaaria, doesn't recognize adoption as we know it. While Islam views adoption positively, and views people who adopt as praiseworthy, the whole concept of adoption is radically different from that which most Western countries have.
Under Islamic law, Muslim birthparents who are unable to raise their child may place him/her with a family for an indeterminate length of time. However, the rights and responsibilities of the birthparents are not severed, as they are in the West. They remain the "real" parents of the child.
Under Shaaria, the adopted child continues to have the right to inherit from the birthparents. He/she is also expected to retain the surname of the birthparents. The birthparents are expected, where possible, to participate with the adoptive family in making appropriate plans for the child's religious education and in other situations.
If it is in the best interests of the child, and the birthparents find themselves able to parent at some future date, the child may be permitted to return to his/her biological parents.
As you can see, this type of adoption is more like what we in the West call foster care or guardianship. In Western adoption, the rights of the birthparents are permanently relinquished, and the adoptive parents assume all the rights and responsibilities that they would have if they had given birth to the child. While they may choose to maintain contact with the birth family, they are not under any requirement to involve the birth family in making decisions about their child.
In many countries that follow Shaaria, it is actually impossible for Americans to bring home a child, because of the difference in philosophy. Under U.S. immigration law, an adoption visa may be given ONLY to children who have had either a full and final adoption abroad or who have been given guardianship to bring the child to the U.S. for the express purpose of adoption. Muslim countries do not grant full and final adoption decrees in the Western sense, and usually their guardianship decrees do not contain the correct language to show that the child will have a full and final adoption in the U.S.
The good news is that it appears that Morocco DOES sometimes give a guardianship decree that meets U.S. requirements for a visa. (It is sometimes doable in Pakistan, too.) So if you are able to get kefala there, you may be able to bring your child home. Just be very careful to ensure that your kefala will be acceptable to the USCIS, or you could wind up with guardianship, but with no visa to bring the child home.
I hope this is helpful.
Sharon
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There is an agency that has set up a program in Morocco recently. The women who runs the agency seems to be very good with setting up the right kind of in country connections to make sure adoptions run smoothly. Do a search and you should be able to find the agency. Otherwise PM me and I can send you the link.